Cargo lashing



me@ @9 1949 M. s. HARRIS 2,490,434

CARGO LASHING Filed Oct. 28, 1946 4 ShetS-Sheet l ec., 6, w49 M. s. HARRIS 2,490,434

CARGO LASHING Filed Oct. 28, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 6, E949 M. s. HARRIS 29490,@34

CARGO LASHING Filed oct. 28, 194e 4 sheets-sheet 5 /N l/E/v 70e MANLY HARmS.

M. S. HARRIS CARGO LASHING Dec. 69 B949 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 28. 1946 .,Y. @if mm/F .NATM HW Patented Dec. 6, 1949 U N I T E D S TATE S T GIF-Fal CE ZCARGO LASHING Manly SQHarris, Sarl Francisco, Calif. "Applb'ation' October-28, 1946, -Srer-ialNo. 706,153y

(Cl. 10S-369) T-he present inventionrelatessto improvements in a cargo lashing vwherein la., plurality ofA permanent lashings, having their lowerv ends independently and detachably connectedto an anchor plate secured to theffloorsof raicargo hold, such, for instance, as between decks of a ship, a freight car, or any cargo carrier,v operate in conjunction with ratchet drums independently-and adjustably mounted upon overhead racks and. arranged to independently engage the upper ends of Separate lashings and tighten the sa-me against -a cargo to be lashed, whereby a heterogenous orirregularly shaped cargo, including dunnage, of various shapes and sizes, may beY lashed securely against movement.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a new andlimproved permanent cargo lashing arranged to securely lash a cargo against movement.

Another cbj ect is to provide a new andimproved lashing of the character set forth having improved adjustable means for engaging and securing against movement a Acargo-of heterogenous objects of various weights and irregular shapes and sizes.

A further object is to provide anew-and improved permanent cargo' lashing which. may be used repeatedly for the same 'as well as for a greatly diversified range of successive cargoes, thereby eliminating the cost and'labor of .providing specially designed dunnage or 'shoring A still further objectis'toprovide a new and improved lashing which readily and easily Imay be readjusted to tack up slack therein due to undue strains of a turbulent voyage.

A still further object is to yprovide ya new and improved adjustable lashing for securing cargoes which is readily adaptable to substantially every type of merchandise packed for shipment or otherwise, including dunn'age.

I accomplish these and other objects by means of the improved device disclosed in the drawings vforming a part of the :present application, and in which- Fig. l is a broken view of a portion of a carrier, partly in section, taken on line I-I of Fig. 2, in the direction indicated, and illustrating one method in which a cargo may be secured with my improved lashing;

Fig. 2 is a broken view, partly in section, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. l in the direction indicated;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 4, in the direction indicated, and illustrating one of the ratchet drums; Fig. 4 is a broken vertical sectional view of one of the frames for supporting the ratchet drums.

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4, in the direction indicated;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 4, in the direction indicated;

Fig. '7 is a constricted top plan view of a-slotted anchor plate;

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of thefanchor plate, partly in section as indicated alongline'B-'Sflof Fig. '7, in the-direction indicated;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged front elevation .of one, f

the T-heads detachably secured tothe lower end of each lashing; and

Fig. 10 is a party brokenside elevation of Fig'."9. Referring to the drawings: The numerals I, 2, and 3 are 'used' to designate the upper and lower decks of acarrier and the.

sides thereof, respectively, :and 6 represents a portion of a hold or cargo space. Secured tothe oor of the lower deck 2 is an anchor plate?, preferably in the form of a 'at channel held in' spaced relation above said lowerd'e'ckZ by'mea'ns of countersunk. cups 8 through which'cap screws S are driven, as fully disclosed inFigsJ'I and.8 of. the drawings. with a plurality ofstaggered rowsof slots. I I.

A 'plurality of permanent lashings' Id,y vlpref'- erably in the form of flat metallich straps, veach hasqdetachably mountedupon its lower enda stirrup VI having av T-head Iiormed upon its lower end and :a rotatably mounted'hexagonal shaft I5 in its upper end operating 'inrconj-unction with a loose latch or bar I8, bymeans of which shaft I5 and bar I84V the lower end of said curely attached by snubbing the same to its respective stirrupl I?, las iully'set forthinVV United States Patent No. 2,389,777; issued to me on'fthe' 8th day of March, 1945, referenceto'-which, for a full comprehension of the snubbing process, is hereby made.

Suspended from the ceiling or upper deck above the hold S, are a plurality of parallel spaced and notched racks 2I upon and extending between which I have provided one or more frames or channel members 22 `with open sides downward. Mounted within each frame 22 are several spaced ratchet drums, each with its shaft or axis arranged transversely tc the slots I I of the -anchor plate 'I below it, and comprising `a hexagonal reel or sha-ft or drum 26 `and a loose bar 21, and having a ratchet w-heel 28 also secured rthereto `and controlled by the usual pawl 29 pivotally mounted within said member 22 as at 3|, which pawl may .be moved out of or permitted by the attraction of gravity to move into engaging relation with said ratchet wheel 28 by means of a release rod 33, slidably mounted in said frame 22. Incidently, the opposite bottom sides on each end of said frame are provi-ded with recesses or notches 34 which mesh Iwith the notches of the racks 2l whereby said fra-me 22 may be detachably adjusted to said racks 2| and firmly held in such adjusted positions.

The upper end of each at strap or lashing I4 rlhe anchorplatel is provided' is preferably detachably secured to its respective drum 26 by inserting the upper end of said strap I4 between the hexagonal shaft or drum 26 and the loose latch or bar 2'I associated therewith, and the drum 26 is then rotated by the ratchet wheel 28 and operating lever 36 slidably connected therewith until the end of said lashing I4 is iirmly snubbed between said drum 26 and latch 21, as fully disclosed in Fig. 5 of the drawings. A detachable extension or handle 31 may be provided for the operating lever 36, if desired. The operating levers are arranged normally to be disengaged from their respective ratchet wheels 28, and moved into engaging relation therewith only when said ratchet drums 26 are to be actuated, so as to normally prevent operation of said levers 36 and release of the drum 26 inadvertently.

In operation:

A cargo to be lashed, such as miscellaneous crates or packages A, B, C, and D, is rst stacked in snug formation upon the anchor plate 'I and a T-head I6 mounted upon the lower end of a lashing I4 is inserted into a slot II nearest the bottom of the stack to be lashed, and turned transversely to said slot and so held by inserting the upper end of said flat strap or lashing I4 between the bar 2I and drum 26 within a properly adjusted frame 22 on a rack 2! above.

The drum 26 is then rotated until the upper end of said lashing I4 is effectively snubbed. The frame I22, with its spaced ratchet drums 26 is adjusted upon its racks 2| so that the upper portion of the lashings Ill snubbed thereto are bent slightly backward and over the top of the stack being secured, as disclosed in Fig. 1 of the drawings, so that the stack or cargo will be held tightly against the side 3 of the hold of the carrier. By means of the detachable extension 31, the drum 26 is actuated to further tighten the lashings snubbed thereto until the tensions of said lashings I4 are suiicient to prevent movement of the cargo by them thus lashed.

Should the tension of the lashing become slack for any reason, such as through undue strains or tensions due to a turbulent voyage, it is obvious that such slack easily and readily may be taken up by -a further operation of the above described tightening process.

At the end of the voyage, or to unload, the release rod 33 is moved to release the pawl 29 after the ratchet 28 has been backed off sufficiently, and by reversing the tightening process above described, the cargo may be unlashed and removed, and the lashings I4 then may be held available to be again applied to later and successive cargoes.

It should be noted that while I have shown the device applied to secure athwart or lateral movement of a cargo, that by proper arrangement the device may be used also against fore and aft shift. Also, the device may be used to independently lash small portions of a cargo as well as an entire cargo of a hold en bloc, and that a single permanent lashing, instead of groups of three or more, may be used in smaller irregular or restricted spaces.

Having described my invention, I `claim-- A cargo lashing comprising the combination with a cargo carrier of a plurality of spaced parallel racks mounted upon the ceiling in the hold thereof; anchoring means secured to the oor of said hold; a plurality of lashings, each having one end arranged to detachably engage a diiferent portion of said anchoring means; a frame detachably and adjustably mounted upon and extending between said racks; and a plurality of separ-ate ratchet drums mounted upon said frame, each ratchet drum being arranged to independently engage one end of opposite ends of said lashings and tighten the same.

MANLY S. HARRIS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,739,893 Fedderman Dec. 17, 1929 1,993,216 Marshall Mar. 5, 1935 2,024,189 Spoor Dec. 17, 1935 2,056,704 Anderson Oct. 6, 1936 2,159,848 Gibbons May 23, 1939 2,226,373 Frear Dec. 24, 1940 2,226,667 Love Dec. 31, 1940 

